关键词: 事业单位, 公共服务, 中国式现代化, 公共组织, 自主知识

Abstract:

Public service units（PSUs）constitute a distinctive form of public-sector organization in China. They emerged as an institutional arrangement for the provision of public services. They were designed to accommodate the planned economy and an omnipotent model of government. PSUs have undergone successive phases of marketization，socialization，and classification reform. Their operation is shaped by three major logics：a functional logic arising from the needs of the broader institutional system，a managerial logic rooted in departmental affiliation and vertical administration，and a survival logic oriented toward organizational continuity and development. Tensions among these three logics have produced problems within the public service unit system. They include the precedence of administrative directives over public service，an emphasis on revenue generation at the expense of public service goals，and institutional constraints that limit responsiveness to market demands. Nevertheless，PSUs remain an important organizational vehicle for the orderly provision of public services in China. They also serve as a flexible interface through which the state can perceive changes in society，continuing their vital role in the process of Chinese modernization. Research on PSUs should be situated within the broader theoretical context of public administration by clarifying their conceptual boundaries，expanding the scope of research，and deriving more general normative principles. In this way，the PSU model offers a Chinese approach to building public service systems in the post-welfare-state era.

Key words: public service units, public services, Chinese modernization, public organization, indigenous knowledge