关键词: 政府数据共享, 政府数据开放, 政府数据授权运营, 数据确权, 协同治理

Abstract:

The value of government data can be explored to maximum only after their fully flowing at all levels in society. there are three types of government data flow in China: government data sharing, open government data and government data authorized operation. Based on concepts definition, this paper compared three types from two aspects: related subjects and their relationships, technology environments and implementation. It analyzes their practice dilema respectively: insufficient sharing motivation and high coordination cost of government data sharing, limited open data and difficulty in ecological formation of open government data, and lack of consensus of government data authorized operation. It furtherly analyzes the common difficulties encountered by all three types: vague data rights, mutual restrictions among governments at different levels, and fragmentation of government data flow. For the future development, it brings forward an urgent need to implement system coordination, organization coordination, and function coordination is urgently needed. System coordination is to cooperatively establish government data rights, organization coordination is to achieve horizontal coordination through strengthening vertical coordination, and function coordination is to collaboratively promote three types of government data flow. This paper contributes to bring the idea of government data rights,which provides the theory model for future studies of government data rights.

Key words: government data sharing, open government data, government data authorized operation, data right provision, collaborative governance