Abstract:

The theoretical research and practical cultivation of the socialist concept of freedom should examine its ideal, but also discuss the public’s actual sense of freedom. Empirical research on the sense of freedom is rarely done by domestic scholars, given the lack of necessary concept construction and scale preparation. Based on etymological traceability and conceptual comparison, the sense of freedom is the belief and preference of the public to preserve individual independence and autonomy in the relationship between members and members, members and authoritative institutions, members and capital, and authoritative institutions in a specific era. Its basic dimensions can be divided into the public 's cognition of negative freedom and positive freedom in the social field, the political field, and the economic field, as well as principled support, comparative support and situational support. Based on this, with the help of systematic sampling data, this paper performs an item analysis, a reliability analysis, an exploratory factor analysis, and a confirmatory factor analysis. Eventually, the study developed a scale for measuring people’s sense of freedom which is applicable to investigations of Chinese society and international academic communication.

Key words: freedom, sense of freedom, machine learning, concept construction, scale preparation